The Byte Pair Encoding algorithm
So, Karpathy explains the byte pair encoding in a really great fashion. It is simply the diminuição do que se tem com o increasing do vocabulário assim você consegue diminuir o tamanho do texto, and this is compression.
Karpathy consider one simple example, where the text decreases in terms of the representation with the adding byte pairs in the vocabulary. Truly simple.
Really great learning.